Reference Library: Other invertebrates

Interactive effects of ocean acidification and warming on subtidal mussels and sea stars from Atlantic Canada

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Sea stars collected in Nova Scotia, Canada, grew more slowly under ocean acidification conditions, and their growth rate decreased further with a warmer temperature. In contrast, blue mussel grew more quickly with no response to temperature within the tested range. Predation of sea stars on mussels, measured as per-capita consumption ...

Skeletal alterations and polymorphism in a Mediterranean bryozan at natural CO2 vents.

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Bryozoan colonies were grown at a site in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy) where natural emissions of carbon dioxide associated with volcanic activity lower seawater pH to 7.76, simulating levels of ocean acidification predicted for the end of the 21st century. The colonies showed impaired growth and had fewer defensive polymorphs. ...

Structural and geochemical alterations in the Mg calcite bryozoan Myriapora truncata under elevated seawater pCO2 simulating ocean acidification.

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

This study investigated the possible effects of ocean acidification on the calcareous skeleton of a Mediterranena bryozoan by transplanting live and dead colonies into an area of natural volcanic carbon dioxide vents in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. Colonies remained alive at the below-normal and acidic pH sites during the 45-day ...

Effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on physiological and mechanical properties of the starfish Asterias rubens

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

The common sea star (Asterias rubens) appeared to withstand the effects of reduced seawater pH, at least for short-term exposures of 15 to 27 days, with no significant changes in the strength of its tube feet or the RNA/DNA ratio of its tissues. (Laboratory study)

Effects of seawater temperature and pH on the boring rates of the sponge Cliona celata in scallop shells

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Ocean acidification increased the rate at which sponges bored into scallop shells. At pH 7.8, sponges bored twice the number of papillar holes and removed two times more shell weight than at pH 8.1. Greater erosion caused by the lower pH weakened the scallop shells. A warmer water temperature had ...

Near future ocean acidification increases growth rate of the lecithotrophic larvae and juveniles of the sea star Crossaster papposus

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Common sunstar larvae and juveniles in ocean acidification conditions grew faster without apparent effects on survival or body structure. Unlike the larvae of some other sea star species that feed on plankton, larval common sunstars rely on nutrition provided in their egg. This difference in life history may enable some ...

Near-future level of CO2-driven ocean acidification radically affects larval survival and development in the brittlestar Ophiothrix fragilis

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Brittlestar larvae died within 8 days after being transferred into acidified seawater (pH 7.9). The larvae had reduced growth and abnormal development and body structure. The brittlestar used in this study, Ophiothrix fragilis, dominates the seabed ecosystem off northwestern Europe, and the findings suggest that ocean acidification could lead to ...

Relationship between CO2-driven changes in extracellular acid-base balance and cellular immune response in two polar echinoderm species

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

Green sea urchins were able to adjust their internal pH level within 5 days after being placed in ocean acidification conditions, but sea stars (Leptasterias polaris) were not. Internal pH did not appear to be related to immune response. (Laboratory study)

Losers and winners in coral reefs acclimatized to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations

  • Posted on: Mon, 06/13/2016 - 05:56
  • By: Anonymous

This field study in Papua New Guinea examined the effects of natural carbon dioxide seeps on coral reef ecosystems. At reduced pH, coral diversity was lower, population replenishment and abundance of some corals decreased, and interactions among species changed. Reef development ceased below pH 7.7. Ocean acidification, together with warmer ...

Long-term and trans-life-cycle impacts of exposure to ocean acidification in the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

  • Posted on: Wed, 03/30/2016 - 15:13
  • By: petert

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions are acidifying the world’s oceans. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that ocean acidification can impact survival, growth, development and physiology of marine invertebrates. Here, we tested the impact of long-term (up to 16 months) and trans-life-cycle (adult, embryo/larvae and juvenile) exposure to elevated pCO2 (1,200 μatm, compared to control 400 μatm) on ...

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